Emotional Dysregulation / Borderline Personality Disorder

Your brother has many challenges all of which are chronic or they never go away. However, there is hope.

Mood Changes

The overall theme for this illness is rapid and unpredictable change, in thoughts, moods, behaviors, relationships, and beliefs about himself. When frustrating situations happen, he may become overwhelmed with anger and either lash out at others or keep the anger bottled up inside himself. Battling emotional dysregulation can be very tiring and confusing. People with this problem are in severe physical, emotional, and psychological pain almost all the time. They often lack a sense of who they are. Very often, these rapid changes are caused by recurring fears of being criticized or deserted by other people. Small disagreements or change of plans can cause problems as emotional dysregulation. In response to these types of situations, a person with emotional dysregulation can suddenly become sad, nervous, angry, or short-tempered. Unfortunately, personality styles like this often create problems in relationships, jobs, and other situations. This personality style is officially referred to as “personality disorders,” and in many others as a “borderline personality disorder.”

The treatment of this problem most often involves a long-term commitment. On average, most people with emotional dysregulation go to at least six mental health professionals seeking the right person to help them. Many seek individual psychotherapy, group therapy, or family therapy, but in severe cases, hospitalization or inpatient care may be necessary.

Dialectical Behavioral Therapy

Many types of treatments have been shown to be effective for some cases. However, the treatment that has received the most validation for its effectiveness is dialectical behavioral therapy, which was developed specifically to treat emotional dysregulation. This treatment has been shown to relieve symptoms of emotion dysregulation, decrease the tendency to commit suicide, and decrease the tendency to misuse drugs. This last factor is especially important, because in one study, the absence of an alcohol or drug problem was the best predictor of symptom reduction.

Dialectical behavioral therapy balances the need for change with acceptance and understanding of current behavior. Furthermore, the treatment aims to broaden the ability to be mindful of the present, while also decreasing self-harming behaviors. Also it will teach new skills to regulate emotions, behaviors, and thoughts.

Medications

Many people with emotional dysregulation are also prescribed multiple medications. For example, small studies of some antidepressants have demonstrated some benefits. Fluvoxamine (Luvox) can decrease quick mood changes, while fluoxetine (Prozac) can decrease impulsive anger and impulsive hostility. Studies of antipsychotic medication, such as clozapine (Clozaril), risperidone (Risperdal), and olanzapine (Zyprexa), have also shown some benefits, including reduced hallucinations, reduced self-harming behaviors, reduced hostility and depression, and an overall feeling of improvement, especially when used in conjunction with dialectical behavioral therapy.

Similar small studies of the mood stabilizers valproic acid (Depakote), the anti-convulsant topiramate (Topamax), the anticonvulsive lamotrigine (Lamictal), and omega-3 fatty acids have also shown some evidence of reducing hostile behavior in people with emotion dysregulation.

Ask your family physician for a psychiatric referral. A psychiatrist can provide needed help regarding prescriptions.

References:

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